The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 161-180 of 2463
-
Determinants of food intake and nutritional status among inpatients in northern hospitals in Tanzania
(INNSpub, 2024-07)Adequate nutrition is a key among hospitalized patients. It is crucial and most significant aspect of improving quality of life of inpatients. However, hospitals in developing nations challenged with adequate meal provisions. ... -
Association between weight gain, dietary practices and sociodemographic attributes among post-partum women in Arusha Urban, Tanzania
(INNSpub, 2024-07)Overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age are a concern of public health significance. In Tanzania, various cultures perceive post-partum period as a delicate period where women participate in various habitual ... -
Brucella Species Circulating in Smallholder Dairy Cattle in Tanzania
(MDPI, 2024-09-21)Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, which results in economic losses relating to livestock and threatens public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the molecular ... -
Utilizing tilapia fish skin biomaterial for burn wound dressing: A systematic review
(Elsevier, 2024-06)Burn wound management remains a burden in our hospitals with more than 180,000 people dying annually due to burn-related complications. Bacterial infections further affect the healing duration of the wound hence most ... -
Genomic characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients attending regional referral hospitals in Tanzania
(BioMed Central, 2024-08-14)Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization increases the risk of subsequent infection by MRSA strain complex interlinking between hospital and community-acquired MRSA which increases the ... -
Spatio-temporal variability in transmission risk of human schistosomes and animal trematodes in a seasonally desiccating East African landscape
(The Royal Society, 2024-01-10)Different populations of hosts and parasites experience distinct seasonality in environmental factors, depending on local-scale biotic and abiotic factors. This can lead to highly heterogeneous disease outcomes across host ... -
The lethal effect of soap on Schistosoma mansoni cercariae in water
(PLOS, 2024-07-29)Background Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease which is spread through skin contact with water containing Schistosoma cercariae. Drug treatment has been the main control method, but it does not prevent reinfection. The ... -
Experimental Prosopis juliflora Management Practices and Grassland Restoration in Three Eastern African Countries
(CABI, 2024-08-02)Prosopis juliflora, a native tree species of Central and northern South America, was introduced in degraded habitats in Eastern Africa as a wind break, and as a source of fodder, fuel, and timber. P. juliflora has a high ... -
The interplay between historical land-use and the distribution of Helichrysum shrubs in an African-protected grassland
(Wiley, 2024-05-01)Human land use can have lasting impacts on landscape characteristic, yet there remains a lack of information on how former land use affects plant communities in protected African grasslands. In this study, we investigated ... -
Influence of land use on the abundance and spatial distribution of mosquito larvae of the Anopheles gambiae complex in a malaria expansion area in northern Tanzania
(Springer International Publishing, 2024-04)In many countries, successful control of larval mosquito populations for malaria control is still hindered by poor knowledge of preferred breeding habitats and natural factors limiting larval abundance. In Africa, preferred ... -
Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito avoids ovipositing in habitats with the annual fish (Nothobranchius neumanni) in Tanzania
(Springer Netherlands, 2024-05-03)Mosquitoes are known to choose oviposition habitats actively based on their suitability for survival of their offspring. They thus avoid laying eggs in dangerous habitats with aquatic predators through detection of their ... -
CFD Analysis of Flow Characteristics and Diagnostics of Leaks in Water Pipelines
(ETASR, 2024-09)This study utilizes Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to generate pressure and flow rate values for the analysis of flow characteristics and the diagnosis of leaks in inclined pipelines. The Semi-Implicit Method for ... -
Deep learning-based mobile application for the enhancement of pneumonia medical imaging analysis: A case-study of West-Meru Hospital
(Elsevier, 2024-09)Pneumonia remains a significant global health challenge, demanding innovative solutions. This study presents a novel approach to pneumonia diagnosis and medical imaging analysis, leveraging advanced technologies. The study ... -
A Novel Mechanism for Detection of Address Resolution Protocol Spoofing Attacks in Large-Scale Software-Defined Networks
(IEEE, 2024-06)Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing has been a long-standing problem with no clear remedy until now. The attacks can be launched easily utilizing an enormous number of publicly available tools on the web; however, ... -
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Solar Dryer Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage System for Drying of Agricultural Products
(American Chemical Society, 2023-11-14)Passive solar dryers play a crucial role in reducing postharvest losses in fruits and vegetables, especially in regions like sub-Saharan Africa with low electrification rates and limited financial resources. However, the ... -
Bacterial communities structure in constructed wetlands for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment in Tanzania
(IWA Publishing, 2023)Bacteria are the largest and most essential microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems. Despite the vital role bacteria play in enhancing wastewater treatment, its community structure and diversity remain poorly known. ... -
Naturally occurring metal oxides from rocks as capacitive deionization electrode material for antibacterial activities
(Elsevier, 2023-05)The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of activated carbon (AC) electrode embedded with naturally occurring metal oxides (MO) from rocks for antibacterial activities against both gram- negative (Escherichia ... -
Investigation of engine performance, exhaust emissions, and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Adansonia digitata methyl ester doped with nanosilica additive extracted from agricultural waste
(SCI, 2024-05-25)Recent studies have used nanoparticle additions to enhance the fuel properties of biodiesel. However, it is unclear how these additives would affect engine operation. The effects of commercial nanoadditives on engines have ... -
Exergy analysis and performance testing of a gravitational water vortex turbine runner for small hydropower plants: An Experimental Approach
(College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, 2024-10-02)Gravitational water vortex power plants (GWVPPs) have recently gained popularity due to their low initial investment, simple design, ease of maintenance, and low head utilization. However, the technology suffers from ...
