The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 2343
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Experimental Prosopis juliflora Management Practices and Grassland Restoration in Three Eastern African Countries
(CABI, 2024-08-02)Prosopis juliflora, a native tree species of Central and northern South America, was introduced in degraded habitats in Eastern Africa as a wind break, and as a source of fodder, fuel, and timber. P. juliflora has a high ... -
The interplay between historical land-use and the distribution of Helichrysum shrubs in an African-protected grassland
(Wiley, 2024-05-01)Human land use can have lasting impacts on landscape characteristic, yet there remains a lack of information on how former land use affects plant communities in protected African grasslands. In this study, we investigated ... -
Influence of land use on the abundance and spatial distribution of mosquito larvae of the Anopheles gambiae complex in a malaria expansion area in northern Tanzania
(Springer International Publishing, 2024-04)In many countries, successful control of larval mosquito populations for malaria control is still hindered by poor knowledge of preferred breeding habitats and natural factors limiting larval abundance. In Africa, preferred ... -
Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito avoids ovipositing in habitats with the annual fish (Nothobranchius neumanni) in Tanzania
(Springer Netherlands, 2024-05-03)Mosquitoes are known to choose oviposition habitats actively based on their suitability for survival of their offspring. They thus avoid laying eggs in dangerous habitats with aquatic predators through detection of their ... -
CFD Analysis of Flow Characteristics and Diagnostics of Leaks in Water Pipelines
(ETASR, 2024-09)This study utilizes Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to generate pressure and flow rate values for the analysis of flow characteristics and the diagnosis of leaks in inclined pipelines. The Semi-Implicit Method for ... -
Deep learning-based mobile application for the enhancement of pneumonia medical imaging analysis: A case-study of West-Meru Hospital
(Elsevier, 2024-09)Pneumonia remains a significant global health challenge, demanding innovative solutions. This study presents a novel approach to pneumonia diagnosis and medical imaging analysis, leveraging advanced technologies. The study ... -
A Novel Mechanism for Detection of Address Resolution Protocol Spoofing Attacks in Large-Scale Software-Defined Networks
(IEEE, 2024-06)Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing has been a long-standing problem with no clear remedy until now. The attacks can be launched easily utilizing an enormous number of publicly available tools on the web; however, ... -
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Solar Dryer Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage System for Drying of Agricultural Products
(American Chemical Society, 2023-11-14)Passive solar dryers play a crucial role in reducing postharvest losses in fruits and vegetables, especially in regions like sub-Saharan Africa with low electrification rates and limited financial resources. However, the ... -
Bacterial communities structure in constructed wetlands for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment in Tanzania
(IWA Publishing, 2023)Bacteria are the largest and most essential microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems. Despite the vital role bacteria play in enhancing wastewater treatment, its community structure and diversity remain poorly known. ... -
Naturally occurring metal oxides from rocks as capacitive deionization electrode material for antibacterial activities
(Elsevier, 2023-05)The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of activated carbon (AC) electrode embedded with naturally occurring metal oxides (MO) from rocks for antibacterial activities against both gram- negative (Escherichia ... -
Investigation of engine performance, exhaust emissions, and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Adansonia digitata methyl ester doped with nanosilica additive extracted from agricultural waste
(SCI, 2024-05-25)Recent studies have used nanoparticle additions to enhance the fuel properties of biodiesel. However, it is unclear how these additives would affect engine operation. The effects of commercial nanoadditives on engines have ... -
Exergy analysis and performance testing of a gravitational water vortex turbine runner for small hydropower plants: An Experimental Approach
(College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, 2024-10-02)Gravitational water vortex power plants (GWVPPs) have recently gained popularity due to their low initial investment, simple design, ease of maintenance, and low head utilization. However, the technology suffers from ... -
Deep learning models for the early detection of maize streak virus and maize lethal necrosis diseases in Tanzania
(International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, 2024-08-16)Agriculture is considered the backbone of Tanzania’s economy, with more than 60% of the residents depending on it for survival. Maize is the country’s dominant and primary food crop, accounting for 45% of all farmland ... -
An Internet of Things Based system for Road Surface Condition Assessment Using Machine Learning
(IEEE, 2023-09), ,Road surface condition assessment is crucial for maintaining road safety and preserving road infrastructure. However, techniques for assessing road conditions employed in Tanzania are manual and labor-intensive, ... -
Identification of Resistant Common Bean Genotypes to Foliar Diseases using Hyperspectral Data
(IEEE, 2023-11-15)Common bean is one of many legumes (family Fabaceae) widely cultivated for their edible seeds, seedpods, and leaves. Despite its benefits and life dependency especially in sub-Saharan Africa, production of improved common ... -
Dataset of Virginia Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf images based on stalk leaf position for classification tasks: A case of Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2024-10)Nicotiana tabacum is a kind of plant cultivated for its leaves used for manufacturing medicine and cigarettes. With the common name, the Tobacco plant is grown in many countries including China, Indonesia, Malawi and ... -
Mathematical model to assess the impact of contact rate and environment factor on transmission dynamics of rabies in humans and dogs
(Heliyon, 2024-06-15)This paper presents a mathematical model to understand how rabies spreads among humans, free-range, and domestic dogs. By analyzing the model, we discovered that there are equilibrium points representing both disease-free ... -
A comprehensive survey on linear programming and energy optimization methods for maximizing lifetime of wireless sensor network
(Springer Link, 2024-07-17)The wireless sensor network (WSN) is considered as a network, encompassing small-embedded devices named sensors that are wirelessly connected to one another for data forwarding within the network. These sensor nodes (SNs) ... -
Modeling non-stationarity in extreme rainfall data and implications for climate adaptation: A case study from southern highlands region of Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2024-09)The Southern Highlands region of Tanzania has witnessed an increased frequency of severe flash floods. This study examines rainfall data of four stations (Iringa, Mbeya, Rukwa, and Ruvuma) spanning 30 years (1991–2020) to ...
